Hola,
de la documentación (Operations Guide):
Making a database read-only To change the mode of a database between read-write and read-only, you must be either its owner or SYSDBA and you must have exclusive access to a database.
You must have exclusive to a database to change it to read-only mode.
From within InterBase, you can change a read-write database to read-only mode in any of three ways:
1 In IBConsole, select the database, display its properties, and edit the mode.
2 Use gbak to back up the database and restore it in read-only mode: gbak -create -mode read_only foo.gbk foo.gdb
3 Use gfix to change the mode to read-only: gfix -mode read_only foo.gdb
Hay algunas cosas más a tener en cuenta; te remito a la documentación (volumen Operations Guide).
Saludos.
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